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GI and Pregnancy

Following a healthy low GI diet during pregnancy helps protect your child’s future health and improves health and wellbeing for lifelong benefits.

GI and Pregnancy

The facts at a glance

Making smart low GI choices during pregnancy helps your baby grow at a healthy rate and can reduce complications.
Eating for two is a myth. You only need 10% more energy during the second and third trimester, however, the need for certain nutrients, such as iron, increases significantly.
A low GI diet helps keep blood glucose levels steady, avoiding the peaks and crashes. This in turn can prevent babies from being born with excess body fat and reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in later life.

About a healthy pregnancy

Food choices during pregnancy can impact a child’s future health long after they have been born, so it’s vital to eat well during this time.

Studies have found that a mother’s diet during pregnancy can ‘program’ her child’s metabolism in both good and bad ways. A poor diet during pregnancy can predispose a child to developing obesity or type 2 diabetes when he or she is older. In contrast, a healthy low GI diet can help protect them.

Eating for two?

While being pregnant increases a woman’s nutritional needs, the amount of extra food needed is less than many people realise. Energy requirements during the first trimester remain the same as they were before pregnancy, and only increase by 10% in the second and third trimesters. However, the need for certain nutrients (such as iron and folate) increases significantly so it is more important than ever to make every mouthful count.

Gaining the right amount of weight during pregnancy is also important as too much weight gain will increase the risk of gestational diabetes and other pregnancy complications.

Gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and usually disappears after the birth but may reoccur in the next pregnancy. GDM occurs when the hormones made by the placenta during pregnancy stops the body’s own insulin from working properly, causing blood glucose levels to rise. Glucose is the main fuel for a baby’s development so if levels are too high, a baby may grow too fast, be born with excess body fat and be at risk of developing type 2 diabetes later on in life.

How a low GI lifestyle can help

A healthy low GI eating plan is one of the safest and most effective ways of ensuring the baby grows at a healthy rate. It does not require cutting out any major food groups, so benefits both mother and child. A low GI diet during pregnancy can:

  • Prevent excessive weight gain
  • Reduce the mother’s chance of developing gestational diabetes
  • Lessen the likelihood of birth defects, a complicated delivery and lower infant birth weights
  • Reduce a child’s future risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes and chronic disease
Benefits of low GI during Pregnancy

Low GI lifestyle tips

  • Choose nutrient-dense foods packed with vitamins and minerals
  • Avoid overloading on kilojoules
  • Manage blood glucose levels with the right balance of protein and carbohydrates
  • Focus on low GI carbohydrates
  • Choose dense wholegrain bread
  • Choose rolled oats or natural muesli instead of processed breakfast cereals
  • Choose basmati or doongara varieties of rice
  • Include more legumes such as chickpeas, lentils and kidney beans
  • Snack on fruit and yoghurt
  • Continue to be physically active in pregnancy
  • Be mindful of weight gain. The amount of weight an expectant mother should gain will depend on her weight prior to conception

If you’re diagnosed with gestational diabetes or are at risk of developing gestational diabetes, ask your doctor about working with a dietitian who specialises in nutrition during pregnancy. A dietitian can help plan your meals devise a low GI eating plan that will keep you and baby healthy, with foods you actually like.

“In my second pregnancy, during the first and second trimester I wouldn’t limit myself on what I was eating and would at times overindulge in foods that I wouldn’t normally eat. After I was diagnosed with gestational diabetes I met with healthcare professionals who were helpful in educating me on portion control and the benefits of low GI foods.

Following a low GI diet has helped me with lowering and maintaining my glucose levels and ultimately avoiding the need for insulin. A big help through my journey has been the low GI symbol on food packages, it helps me know instantly that it will help me maintain my glucose levels throughout the day.”


Roxana
Age: 29
NSW
Gestational Diabetes

“After a diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes with my first child I became very aware of the benefits of a low GI diet. Despite requiring regular insulin to manage my blood sugar, I also developed low GI diet habits during that time which became the norm.

When I had my second child five years later I remained GD free and all subsequent glucose tolerance tests are now normal.”


Jane
Age: 40
NSW
Gestational Diabetes

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